Wisdom

Lesson 1: what is wisdom?

 Questions:

What is wisdom? How is it different from Knowledge? Understanding ? Are these related in any way?

How does one get wisdom? Can it be taught and learned?

What types of wisdom are there?

Is there such a thing as worldly wisdom? Is it good, or bad, or what?

Where did  Proverbs come from?

why get wisdom? Does it save? What is it good for?

What is a proverb?

 

For the class- what is wisdom, in our culture? In our church? 

( Various verses on word search ''wisdom" )

 

Ex 28:3 skill. (Heb:chakam (wise,skillful)   chokmah=wisdom,skill)   Also Ex 31:3-6 Ex 35:25-35 All refer to skill. What is skill and how does it differ from what we usually mean by wisdom?  

 

Dt 4:1-10 First occurrance of more modern usage. Relates to knowledge of God's law

Dt 34:9 Joshua full of wisdom,why ?

i Kings 2: 5-6   speaKs of Solomon.  

 

Tie-dye metaphor of language.

 

1Ki 3 entire tells of Solomon's request for wisdom in governing which God honors. Split baby shows understanding of human nature.

 

I Kings 4: 29-34: Solomon 's great wisdom. International fame.

 

I Kings 5: 10-12 Sol's diplomacy.

I kings 10: 1-9, 23,24. Shebas visit, rest of nations awed.

 

(Got to here - lesson #1).

 

I Kings11:I-13 Solomon's spiritual foolishness and error. Also: 41.

Ezra 7:25 wisdom in appointing leaders,  ( 1st  lesson got to here.)

 

Review:

·         Discussed nature of wisdom, wisdom vs. knowledge,

·         Noted that a single Hebrew word, Kokmaw,is used in O.T. It is used to refer to skill

·         We noted that skill is given from God.

·         That it involves creativity.

·         That Solomon's wisdom was specifically the Kind of wisdom he asked for- that needed to rule well.

·         Finally, we noted that wisdom covers all aspects Of heaven and earth. One might have great wisdom in one area but be weak, even foolish, in another.

·          

 

Lesson 2 More word Search.

 

Job 28: wisdom not easily f6und on the earth, contrasted to gold and jewels. Is this a different Hebrew word? Yes: KoKmaw' means skill, wisdom. In Greek, word is Sophia. Wisdom is ''fear of the lord". '' Fear" is the Hebrew word Yirah. The object  of  this fear is almost always, But not always, God. (see Dt 2:25 where the nations fear Israel, or Is 7:25 where they fear briars and brambles.  Ez 30:13 Egypt has no ruler, and has fear)

 

Discussion question: Is this fear of God all or nothing, or can it occur by degrees? If the latter, how do we increase it? (by meditation upon the awesome characteristics of God. Upon His otherness. Upon His perfection.)  

 

Job 32: 6-9 Elihu says wisdom not from age, but from God. Ps 51:6 Supports this.

 

Ps 105: 21-22 Joseph teaches PharOah's officials wisdom. Acts 7:22 Moses learns Egypts wisdom.

 

PS 111:10 Fear of Lord beginning of...

 

 ( got to here for second lesson) 

 

Ecc 1:12-18 Does wisdom bring happiness? Ecc: 2:12-15 A good question: why be wise? See also v 26.

lots of good verses on wisdom in Ecc.

 

Is 11:1-2 Christ has spirit of wisdom.

 

Is 10:13 "wisdom" of Assyria Is it really wisdom? Can wisdom be misapplied ? See also Is 47:10 Je 9:23 "do not boast...' Ez 28:3-7, 12-17 "King of Tyre= Satan's wisdom"

 

(got to here, lesson 3) Concepts: wisdom is a complex good, having upsides and downsides. There is no "bad" wisdom: only wisdom used for bad purposes.

 

Dan 1:3-4, 20 Qualifications of Daniel. Wisdom not simply religious. Dan 2:30: w not same as revelation. Dan 9:22 wisdom is incremental.

 

MK 6:2 Jesus wise. Lk 2:52  

Lk 1:17: wisdom v. Disobedience. LK 7:35 wisdom vindicated by fruit. Lk 21:14-I5 wisdom to saints. See Acts 6:10 re Stephen.

Acts 6:3 Deacons to be wise.

 

Wisdom and the Gospel: 1 Cor 1:17- 2:10. 

 

Emphasis:

All wisdon is God's wisdom

Types of Proverbs.

 

What is a Proverb?

·         A saying stating observations from experience so arrestingly that it gains popularity.

·         Various forms: sayings (indicative verbs) or admonitions,  parallel structure (synonymous, antithetic or synthetic), juxtapositions, comparisons, and numeriCal (X,X+1) forms. 

 

The origins of our wisdom books. 

·         The collection of learned sayings into books is ancient, much older than our book of proverbs. Egyptian texts date from 23oo BC.

·         Usually take form of father (occ. Mother) to son. Though usually King to prince, were more widely used by people.

·         The Egyptians also had tough-minded books about life, its limits and ironies, similar to Eccles. And Job.

·         Proverbs is a collection of Collections.

·         Job is a poem inserted into a well known account of an ancient man's piety.

·         Ecclesiastes is written by Solomon or in the Solomonic voice. 

 

·         Proverbs: collection of Collections. Compiled noearlier than Hezekiah's time: see Pr 25:1

·         Q : Given that wisdom involves more than simply knowing God, what are the potential sources of wisdom?

·         Concept: collection of pithy sayings.

·         Pr 22:17- 23:11 resembles closely the Egyption "Instructions of Amenemope" dating from before 1000 BC. Pr 30 - Agur probably a chieftain of the Massa tribe of North Arabia, (Ge 25:14 ) an area known for its wisdom. Pr 31: King Lemuel. Possibly Egyptian.   

 

 

Themes:

·         nature of wisdom itself.

·         Origin of wisdom

·         Benefits of wisdom.

·         Wisdom associated with creating Jer 10:12 Jer 5l:15

 

 Questions:

What is wisdom? How is it different from Knowledge? Understanding ? Are these related in any way?

How does one get wisdom? Can it be taught and learned?

What types of wisdom are there?

Is there such a thing as worldly wisdom? Is it good, or bad, or what?

Where did these Proverbs come from?

why get wisdom? Does it save? What is it good for?

What is a proverb?

 

Class 's Questions:

·          

Proverbs 1-9

·         Difference between knowledge and wisdom?

·         If wisdom can refer to worldly wisdom, and Proverbs is the latter, why does it state  Fear of the lord is the beginning of wisdom?.

·         What are the sources of wisdom versus foolishness?  Does folly have a source? One source or many?

·         Why are the foolish so? What are inducements to foolishness?

·          

 

(10/7 Got through Proverbs 1. Spent a lot of time on wisdom having a time beyond which consequences are inevitable. ) 

 

Class categories: I

·         Acquiring, Listening, Discipline, Rewards, Attitude, Sources, warnings, companions. Also: inevitability of consequences of folly.   

 

Idea: Calamity, evil, and consequences.

·         Word-search on Calamity: 75 hits and if any origin of calamity is given, it is nearly always the Lord.

2Sa 24:16

1Ki 14:10         2Ki 21:12            Job 2:3

Pr 6:12-15            Pr 24:22    Pr 28:14

Isa 45:7r r             Je 18:7-8 Je 19:3

Je 25:29            Je 29:11   Je 32:23

Je 36:3            Je 42:17   Je 44:2

Je 46:21            Je 51:64   La 1:21

Eze 14:21-23             Da 9:12-14 

Am 3:6 Jon 3:10     Mi 1:12

Mi 2:3              Mi 3:11

 

·         What about the aspect of inevitability? Can calamity not be avoided? 2 Sam 12:7-23 . Ps 51

·          Nu 20:11-12  Moses Dt 32:48

·           Gen 15:16 Iniquity of Amorite

·         Lk 13:4-5

 

Initial Exhortations: Pr 1- 8

 

Read these chapters once over to get a sense of the ''thrust'' of the matter as a whole. Then go back and make a list of each exhortation.

·          Pr 1:8-9 Listen to instructors.

·          Pr 1:10-19 Avoid wicked associates.

·         Pr 1:20-33  Heed wisdom while you may.

·         Pr 2: wisdom as an attitude and lifestyle. Contrast to Ch I where these were exhortations. Now they simply follow the practice of wisdom.

·         List the elements of the practice of wisdom in Chapter 2.

·         Pr 3 and Pr 4:  More exhortations. Make a list of all the exhortations here, then group them and see which are relatively stressed.

 

Attitudes noted by class:

To middle of Ch 3: wisdom here is the skill of living.

·         Careful of associates ##

·         Careful plan

·         Altitude of wisdom: listening to legitimate authority.

·         Seeking, humility, trust of God, diligence, remembering, kindness, love, applying, generosity and tithe.

 

 

Chapter 4:

·         ''Understanding' is a different Hebrew word from "Kockma" sometimes translated as discernment-  seems to apply more to the mind, less to skill.

·         What does verse Pr 4:7 mean? This seems trivial, but is it? It is another ''beginning of wisdom " verse.

·         What additional altitudes are listed or added or emphasized here? (watchfulness) (focus)

 

Chapter 5 :   

·         Sexual immorality is literally deadly. We will consider other extended passages on this subject here.

sexual wisdom

Over 65 verses.

Pr 2:16-19             Pr 5:3-23

Pr 6:23-35       Pr 7:4-27

Pr 9:13-18       Pr 22:14

Pr 23:27-28     Pr 30:20

·         Why is all this written as if to a male?

·         Is there any instruction here for girls?

·         Why so much material on this one issue?

 

·         Images of wisdom

Over 60 verses in Proverbs providing images of wisdom.

Pr 3:13-20  as wealth, woman, and tree of life.

Pr 4:5-9 as woman

Pr 7:4 sister and friend.

Pr 8:1 entire. The woman Wisdom. Creation.

Pr 9:1-6

Pr 16:16 wisdom as wealth

Pr 16:22 fountain oflife

Pr 18:4 fountain

Pr 23:23 as wealts

Pr 24:13-14 as honey.

Ec 2:13 as light

Ec 7:11-12 as wealth

Ec 9:18 weapons of war.

Ec 10:10 as tool

 

Questions:

·         Why a woman? Why feminine? (see notes on gender in the Bible}. This is one of the two great feminine images in the Bible. (the people of God / Bride of Christ is the other) Image involves bearing fruit, ordering of life, beauty, creation, hospitality, feeding,

Lesson 10/28:

·         Recap: Primary image is that of a woman who builds her own commodious home, then welcomes all to a great feast, and teaches. Female gender suggests reception of seekers, protection, nurturance, bringing forth of fruit, the deep pleasures of hearth and home.

·         Her deep connection, in Proverbs. With the Creation and things of this world are shown in the end of Ch .8. She is the plan, the thoughts of God which preceded the actual act of creation.

·         Wisdom always portayed as feminine.

·         What are the implications of -this for our approach to the education of girls? Contrast to Muslim. 

·         If Wisdom is personified as a woman who teaches, how do we reconcile 1Ti 2:11-12? Keep in mind the stated audience for this book: the young. Education in the home lays the foundation. Paul forbids only the secondary teaching of men.

·         Why as wealth? What is wealth? How is it obtained? What does it confer on its possessor? How is it useful? How is it dangerous? Can wisdom be dangerous? To its possessor? 

·         What are the rewards of this wisdom? Is salvation or eternal life one of them? If not, why not?

 

 

·         In Pr 9:13, why is Folly also seen as a woman? Ideas: consider the other great female images: the Bride of Christ, the harlot Israel, the harlot Babylon.

·         Does this help us understand anything about the temptations of foolishess? They are mimics of wisdom, Offering the same types of pleasures and enticements, but involve the wrong "husband."

·         Why the distinction between prostitutes and wives of others?

 

Relationships

Loyalty. Friends, children, rulers, neighbor scoffers

·         Parents: Pr 4:3-4       Pr 10:1      Pr 15:20      Pr 17:25      Pr 13:24                Pr 19:13      Pr 19:18                Pr 19:26                Pr 20:20      Pr 23:22                Pr 23:24-25       Pr 28:24                Pr 30:17

·         children:       Pr 17:21      Pr 20:11                Pr 22:6      Pr 22:15       Pr 23:13-14           Pr 28:7      Pr 29:17                Pr 31:28

·         which ofc these are simple observations?

·         What motivations are given?

·         What warnings?

·         What instruction is given? 

·         What use are these proverbs to people with grown children?

·         Wives: Pr 5:16-19      Pr 12:4      Pr 18:22      Pr 19:14      Pr 21:9      Pr 21:19      Pr 25:24      Pr27:15-16       Pr 31:10 and on. Pr 31:11      Pr 31:23                Pr 31:28

·         Husbands Trivial: (Pr 6:34      Pr 7:19      Pr 12:4      Pr 30:23)      Pr 31:11      Pr 31:23               Pr 31:28

·         contention: Pr 18:19      Pr 22:10                Pr 23:29      Pr 26:20                Pr 26:21      2Sa 22:44                Job 13:6      Ps 18:43                Ps 80:6       1Co 11:2-16          

·         we must be careful not to be pc and wrongly remove gender here to suit our modern sensibilities.

·          What are the unique sins of men and women? why so many proverbs about the contentious wife? 

·         Neighbors: Pr 3:27-29       Pr 6:1      Pr 6:1-5       Pr 17:18      Pr24:28      Pr 25:8-9       Pr25:17-18       Pr 26:18-19 also speech.       Pr 27:10                Pr 27:14      Pr 29:5

·         Friends:       Pr 17:9      Pr 17:17                Pr 18:24      Pr 19:6        Pr 22:11      Pr 27:6      Pr 27:10

·         Scoffers:  

·          

 

Money

Tithes 3:9.  Charity 3|27     

Rich:     Pr 3:16r             Pr 8:18            Pr 8:21

Pr 10:4  Pr 10:15t   Pr 10:22

Pr 11:4  Pr 11:16    Pr 11:24

Pr 11:28            Pr 13:4            Pr 13:7

Pr 14:20            Pr 18:11r   Pr 18:23

Pr 21:17r             Pr 22:1            Pr 22:2

Pr 22:4r             Pr 22:7            Pr 22:16

Pr 23:4-5             Pr 24:3-5          Pr 27:23-27

Pr 28:6  Pr 28:11    Pr 28:19-22             Pr 13:8            Pr 13:11    Pr 13:22

Pr 19:4  Pr 19:14    Pr 28:8

Ecc5:10-20. Pr 30:7-9              

Lk 16:1-13 Jesus             Mt 13:22seed             I tim 6:6-10             Jas 1:9-11             ja 2:5-7

 

wealth is: ,

·         From the Lord,

·         A blessing,

·         Neutral,

·         Worthless in times of wrath,

·         Dangerous.

·         Giving leads to wealth

·         Like honors and long life,

·         Trust in money: prevalent, leads to downfall.

Debt:               Pr 17:18    Pr 20:16    Pr 22:7 Borrower.

Pr 22:26            Pr 27:13    Dt 15:6

Dt 28:12            Neh 5:1-5    Rom 13:8      2 cor 6:14 yoked with unbelievers.

EX 35:4- 9, 20-29, EX 36: 4-7

Ezra 2: 68,69    

 

Attitudes:

 

Disciplines:

 

Work

 

Speech:

Two sides of speech: speaking and listening

General:

Jas 3:3-10. The tongue.

Pr 8:6-9 wisbom speaks

Pr 21:23 importance of wise speech

Pr 10:19 many words dangerous        

Pr 17:28 Silence seems wise

Pr 20:15 wise lips like jewels

Pr 23:161...  wise lips

Pr 16:13 value of righteous lips

 

 

 

Rebuke: Pr 10:17 receiving rebuke Pr 13:1 receiving

Pr 15:10 receiving             Pr 17:10,12            Pr 24:24- 25

Pr 25:12            Pr 27:5-6

Pr 28:23 rebuke beats flattery

 

 

Speak. 

Pr 23:9 Do not speak to fool

Pr 23:16 rejoicing in good speech

Pr 31:8-9   speak out for weak

Pr 5:3            Adulteress speech

Pr 6:24 smooth tongue of adulteress 

Pr 7:21 Seductive speech

Pr 12:6 words as traps

 

           

lies and truth

Pr 8:13 lord hates:  

Lips       Pr 16:30 Deceipt

Pr 4:24 shun crooked speech

Pr 6:12-19 Crooked speech

Pr 12:16-23 Truth, deceit, 

Pr 17:4 liars listen to lies

Pr 24:26 honesty

Pr 24:28-29  False witness

Pr 26:18-26 Enemy deceipt

Pr 27:2 Self praise

 

gossip Pr 11:13            Pr 20:19   

Pr 24:1-2 lips of wicked

Pr 18:6-8, 13 foolish talk brings strife

 

Tongue  

Pr 10:20 righteous tongue silver

Pr 10:31-32 right and foolish contrasted

Pr 15:2 wise and foolish 

 

Gentle speech:

Pr 12:18-19 rash cutting words, wise ones

Pr 15:4 gentle tongue

Pr 25:15 gentle speech powerful

Pr 16:21,23  Persuasion gentle  

 

 

Pr 17:4 listening

Pr 17:20 leads to calamity

Pr 21:6 wealth by lying

Pr 25:23 backbiting

Pr 26:28 lying and flattery

Pr 31:26!  wise wife's speech

 

 

 

 

 

 

Decisions :

 

Ways of wicked and righteous: